Modern possibilities in the treatment of inflammation caused by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm with bioactive glass S53P4

Abstract

Treatment of implant related infections after surgical or dental procedures are challenging complications and may have devastating results for patients. The ability of microorganisms to adhere and form biofilm on implant surface is one of the main reasons for treatment failure in infections. When used in human body implants provide a suitable surface for cell attachment and bacterial colonization. One of the most common bacteria that is isolated in hospital-acquired infections is Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant subtype. When a biofilm is formed, bacteria acquire an arsenal of properties that allow them to survive in an adverse environment, increasing their resistance to antimicrobial agents. Recently, as treatment modalities bioactive glass is used in the treatment of infections with multiresistant bacteria types. Its mechanism of action is to stimulate osteogenesis by releasing biologically active ions and at the same time it has antibacterial function on a number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria due to increasement in osmotic pressure and environmental pH without affecting host tissues. These properties make bioactive glass extremelly suitable for the treatment of infection in bones with destruction and bone loss. The aim of the present study is to review the outcomes reported in the literature on the antimicrobial effectiveness of bioactive glass S53P4 on Staphyloccocus aureus (MRSA).